Tugas English

PREFACE
       Thank God we pray to Allah SWT who has given grace and to us so that we successfully complete this paper on time thank God, entitled "english of duties"

     This paper contains the definition of information or more specifically discuss about learning English. The paper is expected to provide information to us all about learning English.
We realize that this paper is far from perfect, therefore, criticism and suggestions from all parties that we always expect to be building for the perfection of this paper.

Finally, we extend our thanks to all those who have participated in the preparation of this paper from start to finish. May Allah SWT be pleased with our efforts. Amen.
SIRAMPOG 5 JUNI 2013



BAB 1
TENSES
    SIMPLE  PAST  TENSES (WAKTU SEKARANG)
RUMUS NOMINAL
•    (+) S + TOBE (WAS/WERE) + O
•    (-) S + TOBE (WAS/WERE) + NOT + O
•    (?) WAS/WERE + S + O
RUMUS VERBAL
•    (+) S + V2 + O + MODIFIER
•    (-) S + DID+NOT + V1 + O + MODIFIER
•    (?)DID + S + V1 + O + MODIFIER
EX:  I was hungry yesterday
        I wasn’t hungry yesterday
         Was I hungry yesterday
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE(pekerjaan sehari hari)
RUMUS NOMINAL
•    (+)  S+ TOBE (am,is,are) + complement
•    (-)  S + TOBE (am,is,are) + not + complement
•    (?)  TOBE (am,is,are) + S + complement
•    RUMUS VERBAL
•    (+) S + V1es + O
•    (-)  S + TOBE (d0,does) + not + V1 + O
•    (?) TOBE (do,does) + V1 + O
EX: (+)she is diligent student
       (-) she isn’t  diligent student
       (?) is she diligent student
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
RUMUS NOMINAL
•    (+) S + TOBE + GOING TO + O
•    (-) S + TOBE + NOT + GOING TO + O
•    (?) TOBE + S + GOING TO + O
RUMUS VERBAL
•    (+) S + SHALL/WILL + V1+ O + ADVERB
•    (-) S + SHALL/WILL + NOT + O + ADVERB
•    (?) SHALL/WILL + S + O + ADVERB
EX:she will eat the meatball tomorrow

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
RUMUS  NOMINAL
(+) S  + HAS/HAVE + BEEN + COMPLEMENT
(-) S + HAS/HAVE + NOT+ BEEN + COMPLEMENT
(?) HAS/HAVE + S + BEEN + COMPLEMENT
EX: they have been breakfast in themorning
RUMUS VERBAL
(+)S+HAS/HAVE+V3+O
(-)S+HAS/HAVE+NOT+V3+O
(?)HAS/HAVE+S+V3+O
EX: we has learned  english every thuesday
PRESENT CONTINOUS
RUMUS:
(+) S + TOBE + Ving + O
(-) S + TOBE + NOT + Ving + O
(?) TOBE + S + Ving + O
BAB 2
GRAMMER IN FOCUS
1. Pronouns
a. Personal pronouns
PERSONAL pronouns refer to specific people or things.
Personal pronouns can be used as the subject and object of a sentence. Look at the table below.

Number    Person    Gender    Personal Pronouns
            Subject    Object
Singular    1st    Male/ Female    I    Me
    2nd    Male/ Female    You    You
    3nd    Male    He    Him
        Female    She    Her
        Neuter    It    it
Plural    1st    Male/ Female    We    Us
    2nd    Male/ Female    You    You
    3nd    Male/ Female    They    Them
        Neuter       
               
Example:
*Subject pronoun : I like cookies.
   Object pronoun : My mother taught me.
b. Possesive pronouns
    Possesive pronouns are used to refer to a spesific person/people or thing/things.
Number       Person    Gender    Possesive pronouns
Singuar    1 st    Male/ Female    Mine
    2 nd    Male/ Female    Yours
    3 nd    Male    His
        Female    hers
Plural    1 st    Male/ Female    Ours
    2 nd    Male/ Female    Yours
    3 nd    Male/ Female    theirs
        Male/ Female   
        Neuter   

Example:
•    Don’t take the book on the desk. The bookis mine.
c.Reflexive proouns
We use reflexive pronouns when we want to refer back to the subject of the sentence or clause. Reflaxive pronouns end in “self” (singular) or ‘-selves’(plural)
Number       Person    Gender    Possesive pronouns
Singuar    1 st    Male/ Female    My Selp
    2 nd    Male/ Female    Your Selp
    3 nd    Male    Him Selp
        Female    herselp
Plural    1 st    Male/ Female    Ourself
    2 nd    Male/ Female    Yourself
    3 nd    Male/ Female    themself
        Male/ Female/nature   

Example:
*I saw Myself in the mirror.
BAB 3
VOICE IN ENGLISH
Aktif: Kalimat yang mempunyai arti (me)
VASIF: kamlimat yang mempunyai (di)
RUMUS VASIF:
S + TOBE + V3 + BY + O
CONTOH KALIMAT PASIF
•    SIMPLE PRESENT A : I study English
o    P : English is stady by me
•    SIMPLE PAST      :   A :I studied English
o    P : English was studied by me
•    Present continous : a: Iam studying English
o    P : English is being studied Me
BAB 4
2.Reported speech
          Reported speech is used to report what someone says or said. There are three kinds of reported speech.
a.reported statement
Example:
•    Susan : ”I work in an office.”
Susan says that she works in an office
•    Lia said “I want to bring my camera tomorrow.”
Lia said that she wanted to bring her camera the next day.
b.Reported commands
Examples:
•    Father: “Do your homework!”
Father told me to do my homework.
•    Teacher: “Don’t talk to you friends when I’m speaking!”
Teacher told me not to  talk to my friends when she’s speaking.
c. Repoted questions
Example:
•    Peter: “Do you smoke?”
Peter asked me whether/if I smoked.
•    Sani: “What do you usually do in the mornning?”
Sani asked me what I usually did in the morning.
BAB 5

3. Relative/Adjective Clause
a. Whose
We use whose in relative clauses instead of possesive pronouns (his/her/their):
-    We saw some people. Their car had broken down.
-    We saw some people whose car had broken down.
 b. Whom is possible instead of who (for people) when it is the object of the verb in the relative clause.
-  The boy whom I wanted to meet is on the way here.
You can also use whom with a preposition (to/from/with whom,ect.).
-    The woman with whom he fell in love moved to another town.
 c. You can use where in a relative clause to talk about a place.
- The hotel wasn’t very clean. We stayed there.
- The hotel where we stayed wasn’t very clean.
d. We use that when we say the day/the year/the time that something happened.
- The concert that we all went to was held last Friday.
e. You can say the reason why something happens or the reason that something happens. You can also leave out why and that:
- The reason (why/that) I’m phoning you is to invite you to a  PARTY




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thank God has already completed the preparation of this paper summarizes the English language about the chapter tenses, grammer in fouce, in english voice, reported speech, relative / adjective clause so papers that I made and I thank you